Release of hydrogen peroxide and antioxidants by the coral Stylophora pistillata to its external milieu Biogeosciences DOI 10.5194/bg-11-4587-2014 1 September 2014 This paper presents a laboratory characterisation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and antioxidant activity release kinetics by intact, non-stressed Stylophora pistillata. Experimenting with bleached and non-bleached corals and different stirring speeds, the authors explored the sources and modes of H2O2 and antioxidant release. Read more
Protection against lightning at a geomagnetic observatory Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems DOI 10.5194/gi-3-135-2014 27 August 2014 The Sinji Vrh Geomagnetic Observatory, built on the brow of Gora, the mountain above Ajdovščina in Slovenia, is very often struck by lightning. This manuscript analyses the formation of lightning in the area and ways of protecting the observatory. Read more
Molecular corridors and kinetic regimes in the multiphase chemical evolution of secondary organic aerosol Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics DOI 10.5194/acp-14-8323-2014 20 August 2014 Based on molecular identification of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) oxidation products, the authors show here that the chemical evolution of SOA from a variety of volatile organic compound precursors adheres to characteristic “molecular corridors” with a tight inverse correlation between volatility and molar mass. Read more
Elevation and elevation change of Greenland and Antarctica derived from CryoSat-2 The Cryosphere DOI 10.5194/tc-8-1539-2014 20 August 2014 This study focuses on the present-day surface elevation of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. Based on 3 years of CryoSat-2 data acquisition the authors derived new elevation models (DEMs) as well as elevation change maps and volume change estimates for both ice sheets. Read more
Diverse coral communities in mangrove habitats suggest a novel refuge from climate change Biogeosciences DOI 10.5194/bg-11-4321-2014 19 August 2014 This paper characterises the first natural, non-reef coral refuge from thermal stress and ocean acidification and identifies resiliency factors for mangrove–coral habitats. Read more
MOMBA 1.1 – a high-resolution Baltic Sea configuration of GFDL’s Modular Ocean Model Geoscientific Model Development DOI 10.5194/gmd-7-1713-2014 18 August 2014 We present a new coupled ocean-circulation–ice model configuration of the Baltic Sea. The model features, contrary to most existing configurations, a high horizontal resolution of 1 nautical mile (1.85 km), which is eddy-resolving over much of the domain. Read more
Projecting Antarctic ice discharge using response functions from SeaRISE ice-sheet models Earth System Dynamics DOI 10.5194/esd-5-271-2014 14 August 2014 In this paper, the authors attempt to estimate the uncertainty range of future ice discharge from Antarctica by combining uncertainty in the climatic forcing, the oceanic response and the ice-sheet model response. Read more
Quantification of ice nuclei active at near 0 °C temperatures in low-altitude clouds at the Puy de Dôme atmospheric station Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics DOI 10.5194/acp-14-8185-2014 14 August 2014 In this study, cloud water was collected aseptically from the summit of Puy de Dôme (1465 m a.s.l., France) within contrasted meteorological and physico-chemical situations. Total and biological (i.e. heat-sensitive) IN were quantified by droplet-freezing assay between −5 °C and −14 °C. Read more
Weighing the ocean with bottom-pressure sensors: robustness of the ocean mass annual cycle estimate Ocean Science DOI 10.5194/os-10-701-2014 11 August 2014 We use ocean bottom-pressure measurements from 17 tropical sites to determine the annual cycle of ocean mass. We show that such a calculation is robust, and use three methods to estimate errors in the mass determination. Read more
Ice–ocean interaction and calving front morphology at two west Greenland tidewater outlet glaciers The Cryosphere DOI 10.5194/tc-8-1457-2014 8 August 2014 This paper presents a suite of fjord salinity, temperature, turbidity versus depth casts along with glacial runoff estimation from Rink and Store glaciers, two major marine outlets draining the western sector of the GrIS during 2009 and 2010. Read more
EARLINET: towards an advanced sustainable European aerosol lidar network Atmospheric Measurement Techniques DOI 10.5194/amt-7-2389-2014 8 August 2014 This paper gives an overview of the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET) main developments since 2000 and introduces the dedicated EARLINET special issue, which reports on the technical solutions and scientific results related to the use of advanced lidar remote sensing techniques for the study of aerosol properties. Read more
Integrated assessment of global water scarcity over the 21st century under multiple climate change mitigation policies Hydrology and Earth System Sciences DOI 10.5194/hess-18-2859-2014 6 August 2014 Water scarcity conditions over the 21st century both globally and regionally are assessed in the context of climate change and climate mitigation policies, by estimating both water availability and water demand within the Global Change Assessment Model, a leading community-integrated assessment model of energy, agriculture, climate, and water. Read more
Impact of a 30% reduction in Atlantic meridional overturning during 2009–2010 Ocean Science DOI 10.5194/os-10-683-2014 6 August 2014 The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation comprises warm upper waters flowing northward, becoming colder and denser until they form deep water in the Labrador and Nordic Seas that then returns southward through the North and South Atlantic. We have been monitoring the circulation at 25° N since 2004 and report on the results here. Read more
MEDEX: a general overview Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences DOI 10.5194/nhess-14-1965-2014 5 August 2014 This paper reviews the motivation and foundation of the international MEDiterranean EXperiment (MEDEX), the gestation, history and organisation of the project, as well as the main products and scientific achievements obtained from it. Read more
Ecosystem function and services provided by the deep sea Biogeosciences DOI 10.5194/bg-11-3941-2014 29 July 2014 In this manuscript we aim to provide a foundation for informed conservation and management of the deep sea by summarizing the important role of the deep sea in society. Read more
Physicochemical changes in pyrogenic organic matter (biochar) after 15 months of field aging Solid Earth DOI 10.5194/se-5-693-2014 23 July 2014 Predicting the effects of pyrogenic organic matter (OM) addition (either natural or intentional as in the case of biochar amendment) on soil chemistry and crop yields has been hampered by a lack of understanding of how pyrogenic OM evolves in the environment over time. This work compared the physicochemical characteristics of newly made and 15-month-field-aged biochars and biochar–soil mixtures. Read more
A spurious jump in the satellite record: has Antarctic sea ice expansion been overestimated? The Cryosphere DOI 10.5194/tc-8-1289-2014 22 July 2014 Here, we show that much of the increase in the reported trend for Antarctic sea ice extent occurred due to the previously undocumented effect of a change in the way the satellite sea ice observations are processed for the widely used Bootstrap algorithm data set, rather than a physical increase in the rate of ice advance. Read more
A high-resolution bedrock map for the Antarctic Peninsula The Cryosphere DOI 10.5194/tc-8-1261-2014 18 July 2014 Assessing and projecting the dynamic response of glaciers on the Antarctic Peninsula to changed atmospheric and oceanic forcing requires high-resolution ice thickness data as an essential geometric constraint for ice flow models. Here, we derive a complete bedrock data set for the Antarctic Peninsula north of 70° S on a 100 m grid Read more
Modeled Arctic sea ice evolution through 2300 in CMIP5 extended RCPs The Cryosphere DOI 10.5194/tc-8-1195-2014 11 July 2014 Extended representative concentration pathway simulations through 2300 were completed for a subset of models, and here we examine the time evolution of Arctic sea ice in these simulations. Read more
On the future of journal publications in hydrology Hydrology and Earth System Sciences DOI 10.5194/hess-18-2433-2014 27 June 2014 A group of editors from hydrology journals discusses a number of actions to help strengthen publications and research in hydrology as a whole. Read more