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The challenge of simulating the warmth of the mid-Miocene climatic optimum in CESM1

In this paper, the authors use the recently released Community Earth System Model (CESM1.0) with a slab ocean to simulate the mid-Miocene climatic optimum, incorporating recent Miocene CO₂ reconstructions of 400 ppm (parts per million).

Using palaeo-climate comparisons to constrain future projections in CMIP5

We present a selection of methodologies for using the palaeo-climate model component of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (Phase 5) to attempt to constrain future climate projections using the same models.

Salinity changes in the Agulhas leakage area recorded by stable hydrogen isotopes of C₃₇ alkenones during Termination I and II

We reconstructed sea surface salinity changes using alkenone δD, and paleo-sea surface temperature using TEX^H₈₆ and U^K’₃₇, from two sediment cores located in the Agulhas leakage area during Termination I and II.

Ensemble projections of future streamflow droughts in Europe

This paper addresses the issue of future developments in streamflow drought characteristics across Europe.

Seabed topography beneath Larsen C Ice Shelf from seismic soundings

The Cryosphere
DOI 10.5194/tc-8-1-2014
2 January 2014

Seismic reflection soundings of ice thickness and seabed depth were acquired on the Larsen C Ice Shelf in order to test a sub-ice shelf bathymetry model derived from the inversion of IceBridge gravity data.

Quantifying mesoscale soil moisture with the cosmic-ray rover

This paper explores the challenges and opportunities for mapping soil moisture over large areas using the cosmic-ray rover.

Statistical analysis to characterize transport of nutrients in groundwater near an abandoned feedlot

Surface water from a lagoon and groundwater samples from 17 wells within and near an abandoned feedlot in northwestern Minnesota, USA, were analyzed for carbon, nutrients, and field parameters.

Rainfall estimation using moving cars as rain gauges – laboratory experiments

The spatial assessment of short time-step precipitation is a challenging task. Low density of observation networks, as well as the bias in radar rainfall estimation motivated the new idea of exploiting cars as moving rain gauges with windshield wipers or optical sensors as measurement devices.

Inverse streamflow routing

Here we develop a methodology to invert the routing process, i.e., to derive the spatially distributed runoff from streamflow (e.g., measured at gauge stations) by inverting an arbitrary linear routing model using fixed interval smoothing.

Peak glacial ¹⁴C ventilation ages suggest major draw-down of carbon into the abyssal ocean

Here we present a new, though still fragmentary, ocean-wide Δ¹⁴C data set showing that during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS-1) the maximum ¹⁴C age difference between ocean deep waters and the atmosphere exceeded the modern values by up to 1500 ¹⁴C yr, in the extreme reaching 5100 ¹⁴C yr.

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