From Seismic Signals to Safer Trains: Italy’s First Earthquake Early Warning System for High-Speed Railways
Earthquakes remain among the most disruptive natural hazards worldwide, capable of causing sudden loss of life, severe economic damage, and long-lasting societal impacts. One of the most effective tools developed in recent decades to mitigate these effects is Earthquake Early Warning (EEW), a real-time monitoring strategy that exploits a fundamental physical property of earthquakes: seismic waves do not propagate instantaneously, and their speed is much slower than the light-speed at which the information travel through communication channels. When an earthquake …
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