Denitrification as the dominant process in nitrous oxide production in the water column of two eutrophic reservoirs Biogeosciences DOI 10.5194/bg-23-3887-2026 12 June 2026 Reservoirs act as nitrogen sinks and emit nitrous oxide, a potent greenhouse gas and major ozone-depleting substance. We studied two reservoirs and found that nitrification and denitrification produce nitrous oxide in the water column, but denitrification is the main source, fueled by fresh organic matter from phytoplankton. Our results also suggest that nitrous oxide is actively consumed. This study highlights the need to include reservoirs in global nitrous oxide budgets. Read more
Atmospheric river trajectories organise along a global transport network Earth System Dynamics DOI 10.5194/esd-17-695-2026 12 June 2026 Atmospheric rivers (ARs) move vast amounts of water through the atmosphere and often cause weather extremes, yet they are usually studied as regional events. Using 84 years of mapped AR trajectories, we reveal the global "roadmap" of ARs, a transport network of high-activity hubs, sparse atmospheric highways & hierarchical basins. Our approach shows how water vapor is systematically channelled through an atmospheric transport network, offering new ways to study changes in the global water cycle. Read more
Quantitative climate reconstruction from sedimentary ancient DNA: framework, validation and application Climate of the Past DOI 10.5194/cp-22-1159-2026 10 June 2026 We introduce a new climate proxy based on plant DNA preserved in lake sediments. Validated with a large surface sample dataset and applied to a sediment record, this method provides more accurate and robust reconstructions of past climate change than traditional vegetation proxies like pollen, likely due to a higher taxonomic resolution and more localized signal. Read more
The Pluvial Flood Index (PFI): a new instrument for evaluating flash flood hazards and facilitating real-time warning Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences DOI 10.5194/nhess-26-2673-2026 10 June 2026 Pluvial (flash) floods, caused by intense local rainfall, result in surface runoff and overland flow, making them different from fluvial floods. A new Pluvial Flood Index (PFI) combines precipitation, hydrological, and hydrodynamic processes to assess surface flooding hazards. The PFI, based on flood hazard areas, helps forecast flash floods and supports real-time warning systems, aiding municipal decision-making, preparedness, and planning. Read more
The influence of ocean waves on Antarctic sea-ice albedo and seasonal melting, and potential coupled physical and biological feedbacks The Cryosphere DOI 10.5194/tc-20-3271-2026 9 June 2026 This paper advances understanding of why and how Antarctic sea ice can retreat so rapidly each summer, and identifies critical gaps in climate models, by highlighting 3 previously-neglected wave-driven processes and 5 associated feedbacks that accelerate seasonal ice melting and link physics to biology (wave flooding, wave pulverisation and wave greening). There are major implications for Earth’s radiation budget, Antarctic ecosystems and the accuracy of future sea-ice and climate projections. Read more
Wikimpacts 1.0: a new global climate impact database based on automated information extraction from Wikipedia Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences DOI 10.5194/nhess-26-2609-2026 4 June 2026 Climate extremes threaten society and ecosystems, making impact understanding critical. Wikimpacts 1.0 provides an automated pipeline processing Wikipedia texts with underexploited information on climate impacts, yielding comprehensive socio-economic impact data for 2726 climate events from 1034–2024. It offers broader storm-related impacts and finer spatial resolution than established databases, showcasing natural language processing's potential to advance climate impact data. Read more
From real-time to long-term source apportionment of PM10 using high-time-resolution measurements of aerosol physical properties: methodology and example application at an urban background site (Aosta, Italy) Atmospheric Measurement Techniques DOI 10.5194/amt-19-3625-2026 3 June 2026 RASPBERRY is a new method to identify aerosol emission sources using physical properties (particle size and light absorption) measured at high time resolution by cost-effective optical instruments, instead of labour-intensive chemical analyses. Applied over five years in Aosta, Italy, it identified six main sources – traffic, biomass burning, two types of secondary particles, desert dust, and local resuspension. Validation against chemical apportionment and real-time applications are presented. Read more
Arctic Weather Satellite assessment and assimilation at ECMWF Atmospheric Measurement Techniques DOI 10.5194/amt-19-3581-2026 2 June 2026 Satellite data used in weather forecast models needs to be of a very high quality. Previously, this has been delivered by bus-sized satellites. The new Arctic Weather Satellite shifts this paradigm, delivering high quality observations from a small satellite. Here we analyse the performance and test its impact with a state-of-the-art weather forecast model. It compares well to heritage instruments and has a positive impact on forecast skill. Read more
The TSUSY Database: a global database of historical tsunami events and a tsunami-occurrence criterion based on historical earthquakes Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences DOI 10.5194/nhess-26-2415-2026 29 May 2026 Tsunamis can have devastating consequences, yet it remains challenging to identify which earthquakes generate them. This study presents a criterion for identifying tsunamigenic events based on numerical simulations, as well as a global database of tsunami simulations based on historical earthquakes. By comparing the results with historical records, this approach can improve tsunami identification and support tsunami warnings worldwide. Read more
Cryptotephra in the East Antarctic Mount Brown South ice core Climate of the Past DOI 10.5194/cp-22-1057-2026 29 May 2026 The ~300 m Mount Brown South ice core (MBS) was drilled in coastal East Antarctica in 2017-2018. Here, we combine atmospheric modeling, ice core chemistry, and eruption records to sample a ~20 m MBS companion core for volcanic ash. We identified two ash layers, geochemically correlated with eruptions of Mt. Erebus (1985) and Cerro Hudson (1991). This study proves long-range transport of ash to East Antarctica, validating MBS as an untapped record of high latitude Southern Hemisphere volcanism. Read more
