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Multiple stressors of ocean ecosystems in the 21st century: projections with CMIP5 models

Ocean ecosystems are increasingly stressed by human-induced changes of their physical, chemical and biological environment. Here, we use the most recent simulations performed in the framework of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 to assess how stressors such as warming, acidification deoxygenation and changes in primary productivity by marine phytoplankton, may evolve over the course of the 21st century.

Increased soil temperature and atmospheric N deposition have no effect on the N status and growth of a mature balsam fir forest

Nitrogen (N) is a major growth-limiting factor in boreal forest ecosystems. Increases of temperature and atmospheric N deposition are expected to affect forest growth directly and indirectly by increasing N availability due to higher rates of N mineralization. We conducted experiments on a mature balsam fir stand in Canada to understand the potential impacts of these changes.

Impact of change in climate and policy from 1988 to 2007 on environmental and microbial variables at the time series station Boknis Eck, Baltic Sea

The temporal development of phytoplankton was monitored from 1988 to the end of 2007 at the time series station Boknis Eck in the western Baltic Sea.

Seasonal measurements of total OH reactivity emission rates from Norway spruce in 2011

One way to investigate the chemical interplay between biosphere and atmosphere is through the measurement of total OH reactivity, the total loss rate of OH radicals. This study presents the first determination of total OH reactivity emission rates based on a branch cuvette enclosure system mounted on a Norway spruce throughout spring, summer and autumn 2011.

Iodine-129 concentration in seawater near Fukushima before and after the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant

Anthropogenic radionuclides were released into the environment in large quantities by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (1FNPP) accident. To evaluate accident-derived ¹²⁹I, the ¹²⁹I concentrations in seawater before and after the accident were compared.

Surface pathway of radioactive plume of TEPCO Fukushima NPP1 released ¹³⁴Cs and ¹³⁷Cs

¹³⁴Cs and ¹³⁷Cs were released to the North Pacific Ocean by two major likely pathways, direct discharge from the Fukushima NPP1 accident site and atmospheric deposition off Honshu Islands of Japan, east and northeast of the site. High density observations of ¹³⁴Cs and ¹³⁷Cs in the surface water were carried out by 17 cruises of cargo ships and several research vessel cruises from March 2011 till March 2012.

TEPCO Fukushima NPP1 released ¹³⁴Cs and ¹³⁷Cs">Read more

Bacteriohopanepolyols record stratification, nitrogen fixation and other biogeochemical perturbations in Holocene sediments of the central Baltic Sea

We studied bacteriohopanepolyols (BHPs), lipids of specific bacterial groups, in a sediment core from the central Baltic Sea (Gotland Deep) and found considerable differences between the distinct stages of the Baltic Sea’s history.

Nitrous oxide emissions from European agriculture – an analysis of variability and drivers of emissions from field experiments

Nitrous oxide emissions from a network of agricultural experiments in Europe were used to explore the relative importance of site and management controls of emissions. At each site, a selection of management interventions were compared within replicated experimental designs in plot-based experiments.

Vertical distributions of plutonium isotopes in marine sediment cores off the Fukushima coast after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident

To obtain the vertical distribution of Pu isotopes in marine sediments and to better assess the possible contamination of Pu from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in the marine environment, we determined the activities of ^239+240Pu and ²⁴¹Pu as well as the atom ratios of ²⁴⁰Pu/²³⁹Pu and ²⁴¹Pu/²³⁹Pu in sediment core samples collected in the western North Pacific off Fukushima from July 2011 to July 2012.

Inverse estimation of source parameters of oceanic radioactivity dispersion models associated with the Fukushima accident

With combined use of the ocean–atmosphere simulation models and field observation data, we evaluate the parameters associated with the total caesium-137 amounts of the direct release into the ocean and atmospheric deposition over the western North Pacific caused by the accident of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant that occurred in March 2011.

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