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Tree height integrated into pantropical forest biomass estimates

Aboveground tropical tree biomass and carbon storage estimates commonly ignore tree height (H). We estimate the effect of incorporating H on tropics-wide forest biomass estimates in 327 plots across four continents using 42 656 H and diameter measurements and harvested trees from 20 sites to answer various questions.

A synthesis of carbon in international trade

In a globalised world, the transfer of carbon between regions, either physically or embodied in production, represents a substantial fraction of global carbon emissions. The resulting emission transfers are important for balancing regional carbon budgets and for understanding the drivers of emissions.

Photoproduction of ammonium in the southeastern Beaufort Sea and its biogeochemical implications

During the August 2009 Mackenzie Light and Carbon (MALINA) Program, the absorbed photon-based efficiency spectra of NH₄⁺photoproduction (i.e. photoammonification) were determined using water samples from the SE Beaufort Sea, including the Mackenzie River estuary, shelf, and Canada Basin.

Detecting anthropogenic carbon dioxide uptake and ocean acidification in the North Atlantic Ocean

Fossil fuel use, cement manufacture and land-use changes are the primary sources of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO₂) to the atmosphere, with the ocean absorbing approximately 30% (Sabine et al., 2004). Ocean uptake and chemical equilibration of anthropogenic CO₂ with seawater results in a gradual reduction in seawater pH and saturation states (Ω) for calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) minerals in a process termed ocean acidification.

Bioerosion by euendoliths decreases in phosphate-enriched skeletons of living corals

While the role of microboring organisms, or euendoliths, is relatively well known in dead coral skeletons, their function in live corals remains poorly understood. They are suggested to behave like ectosymbionts or parasites, impacting their host’s health. However, the species composition of microboring communities, their abundance and dynamics in live corals under various environmental conditions have never been explored.

Novel water source for endolithic life in the hyperarid core of the Atacama Desert

Our results explain how life has colonized and adapted to one of the most extreme environments on our planet, expanding the water activity envelope for life on Earth, and broadening the spectrum of possible habitats for life beyond our planet.

Towards a merged satellite and in situ fluorescence ocean chlorophyll product

Understanding the ocean carbon cycle requires a precise assessment of phytoplankton biomass in the oceans. In terms of numbers of observations, satellite data represent the largest available data set. However, as they are limited to surface waters, they have to be merged with in situ observations.

Organic matter dynamics and stable isotope signature as tracers of the sources of suspended sediment

Suspended sediment (SS) and organic matter in rivers can harm brown trout Salmo trutta by affecting the health and fitness of free swimming fish and by causing siltation of the riverbed. The temporal and spatial dynamics of sediment, carbon ©, and nitrogen (N) during the brown trout spawning season in a small river of the Swiss Plateau were assessed and C isotopes as well as the C/N atomic ratio were used to distinguish autochthonous and allochthonous sources of organic matter in SS loads.

Photo-lability of deep ocean dissolved black carbon

Dissolved black carbon (DBC) is a significant component of the oceanic dissolved organic carbon (DOC) pool. In the current study, the photo-lability of DBC, DOC and coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM; ultraviolet-visible absorbance) were determined over the course of a 28 day irradiation of North Atlantic Deep Water under a solar simulator.

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